I. Cellular Biology
Cells are the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism. They are usually microscopic and consist of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. They are considered the basic unit of life because every living thing is made up of cells including our body. Each organ, blood vessel, and inch of skin is only there because cells congregate to make these structures possible. They contain all necessary mechanisms to sustain themselves and to reproduce. Cells are relevant to biology class because biology is the study of living things and cells make up every living thing.
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IV. Types of CellsProkaryotic and Eukaryotic cells have many differences and some similarities. Prokaryotic cells are organisms without a nucleus and most of them are unicellular.The genetic material they have is not contained in the nucleus. All bacteria are prokaryotes. The nucleoid is where most of the bacterial DNA is stored. Eukaryotic cells are more complex than prokaryotic cells. They contain a nucleus in which their genetic material is separated from the rest of the cell. Eukaryotics have a membrane bound structure in the nucleus. Animals, plants, and fungi are all eukaryotes. Some similarities are that both of these cells contain ribosomes which is where protein synthesis occurs and both are enclosed by plasma membrames, filled with cytoplasm.
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II. How big are objects in the biological world?
The metric scale is a decimal system of measurement. There is a set of decimal-based prefixes that are multiplied or divided by ten and can be applied to units which are too large or too small for practical use.
By visualizing structures online, I was able to see the size of a pinhead compared to the size of rhinovirus.
Using magnifications with the metric scale, I visualized the sizes of different cells.
These are the magnifications in which I viewed the following items:
Pin head- 2mm, human hair- 200Mm, dust mite- 200Mm, ragweed pollen- 20Mm, lymphocyte- 2Mm,
red blood cells- 20Mm, baker's yeast- 20Mm, e. coli- 2Mm, staphylococcus- 2Mm, Ebola virus- 200nm, rhinovirus- 20nm.
By visualizing structures online, I was able to see the size of a pinhead compared to the size of rhinovirus.
Using magnifications with the metric scale, I visualized the sizes of different cells.
These are the magnifications in which I viewed the following items:
Pin head- 2mm, human hair- 200Mm, dust mite- 200Mm, ragweed pollen- 20Mm, lymphocyte- 2Mm,
red blood cells- 20Mm, baker's yeast- 20Mm, e. coli- 2Mm, staphylococcus- 2Mm, Ebola virus- 200nm, rhinovirus- 20nm.
III. Levels of Organization
Biological systems are organized from a subatomic level to the biosphere level:
♦ Atom: smallest unit of an element. Electrons, protons, and neutrons are its building blocks.
♦ Molecules: two or more atoms of element joined.
♦ Cell: smallest unit that can live and reproduce on its own or as part of a multicelled organism.
♦ Tissue: such as a bone, certain types of cells interacting in some task.
♦ Organ: two or more tissues interacting in a task. A parrotfish eye is a sensory organ used in vision.
♦ Organ system: interact physically, chemically or both in an organ system. Parrotfish skin is an integumentary system with tissue layers, organs such as glands and other parts.
♦ Multicelled organism: cells of most multicelled organisms, including the Red Sea parrot fish, are organized as tissues, organs, and organ systems.
♦ Population: group of single celled or multicelled individuals in the same species.
♦ Community: all populations of all species occupying a specified area are a community.
♦ Ecosystem: community that is interacting with its physical environment. It has inputs and outputs of energy and material
♦ Biosphere: encompasses all regions of Earth's waters, crust, and atmosphere that hold organisms.
♦ Atom: smallest unit of an element. Electrons, protons, and neutrons are its building blocks.
♦ Molecules: two or more atoms of element joined.
♦ Cell: smallest unit that can live and reproduce on its own or as part of a multicelled organism.
♦ Tissue: such as a bone, certain types of cells interacting in some task.
♦ Organ: two or more tissues interacting in a task. A parrotfish eye is a sensory organ used in vision.
♦ Organ system: interact physically, chemically or both in an organ system. Parrotfish skin is an integumentary system with tissue layers, organs such as glands and other parts.
♦ Multicelled organism: cells of most multicelled organisms, including the Red Sea parrot fish, are organized as tissues, organs, and organ systems.
♦ Population: group of single celled or multicelled individuals in the same species.
♦ Community: all populations of all species occupying a specified area are a community.
♦ Ecosystem: community that is interacting with its physical environment. It has inputs and outputs of energy and material
♦ Biosphere: encompasses all regions of Earth's waters, crust, and atmosphere that hold organisms.
V. Compare and Contrast Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Prokaryotic
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Similarities
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Eukaryotic
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VI. Visualizing Cells
We are using a compound microscope to visualize cells.
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Cellular Biology Reflection URL = https://docs.google.com/a/sweetwaterschools.net/document/d/1_DLLL7JA9iOlow9_gexNmH5ZMqWS3PbeAJm2cbMEuTc/edit